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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Twenty Negro Law ： ウィキペディア英語版 Twenty Negro Law The "Twenty Negro Law", also known as the "Twenty Slave Law" and the "Twenty Nigger Law", was a piece of legislation enacted by the Confederate Congress during the American Civil War. The law specifically exempted from Confederate military service one white male for every twenty slaves owned on a Confederate plantation, or for two or more plantations within five miles of each other that collectively had twenty or more slaves.〔(Twenty Slave Law: Encyclopedia Virginia )〕 Passed as part of the Second Conscription Act in 1862, the law was a reaction to United States President Abraham Lincoln's preliminary Emancipation Proclamation, which was issued barely three weeks earlier. The law addressed Confederate fears of a slave rebellion due to so many white males being absent from home, as they were serving in the Confederate army. This law would prove extremely unpopular with poorer white Confederate males, many of whom did not own any slaves at all, and would contribute to the often-repeated adage of the Confederate war effort being "a rich man's war, but a poor man's fight."〔(Company Aytch ), by Sam R. Watkins. Chapter III "Corinth"〕 ==Background== By the spring of 1862, the Confederate army was facing the prospect of a severe manpower shortage, since the twelve-month terms of most initial enlistees were expiring, and far fewer men were re-enlisting than had been hoped for. The First Conscription Act, passed by the Confederate Congress in April 1862, attempted to address this situation by making all white Southern males between 18 and 35 liable for compulsory military service.〔(First Conscription Law ) see Ch. XXXI: "An Act to Provide Further for the Public Defense."〕 Though the South exempted several categories of men in occupations related to transportation, communications, the ministry, teaching and medicine,〔(First Conscription Law ) see Ch. LXXIV: "An Act to Exempt Certain Persons From Enrollment in the Armies of the Confederate States."〕 it did not exempt overseers. This left many plantations entirely in the charge of white women, elderly white men, or minors; these were not seen as being particularly able to maintain slave discipline, or to react effectively to prevent or suppress any unrest.〔(Twenty Slave Law: Encyclopedia Virginia )〕 The Conscription Act proved extremely unpopular with many Confederate soldiers. Sam Watkins, a private in Company H, First Tennessee Infantry, wrote about his reaction and those of several of his service mates to this new law, in his book ''Company Aytch'': 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Twenty Negro Law」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.